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The Skew-Logistic (SL) function has been proposed to model a real-life dynamic process which rises monotonically to a peak followed by a monotonic falling back. It was introduced to model the first stage of the Covid-19 pandemic to forecast its behaviour. Then, with different controls and variants, Covid-19 - rose and fell in what might be called a Multi-Wave (MW) behaviour;with waves not necessarily the same size. This paper shows how using the SL function for one wave can be easily modified to model the MW situation. We apply it to two examples. One is to Covid-19, to examine its most recent behaviour. We also apply it to climate change, the most serious issue of our time. Ensuring that the world simply achieves carbon-equality is not enough. We have to rapidly achieve carbon-negativity to prevent bringing an end to the known world. © SW 2023.All rights reserved
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Towards the end of 2019 a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-like coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) caused the ongoing global pandemic. The virus surface consists of spike proteins that mediate SARS-CoV-2 entry into cells through its receptor-binding domain (RBD) that attaches to the human receptor Angiotensin- Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2). Upon infection with foreign material, like viruses and bacteria, the human immune system responds by producing a humoral response specific to the viral antigen. Cells from the innate immune system and antibodies generated in the humoral response work to destroy and block infectious antigens from causing damage to the human cells. The S protein of SARSCoV- 2 is the key protein that stimulates the immune system to generate neutralizing antibodies. To safely test and investigate SARS-CoV-2 in BSL-2 lab setting, we propagated a surrogate pseudo typed virus to evaluate the ability of antibodies to reduce viral cell entry and replication in SARS-CoV-2 infected mice model. Quantifying the functional ability of neutralizing antibodies would help us understand how they influence reinfection in recovered individuals. We hypothesize that antibodies generated in SARS-CoV-2 infected mice models will induce a protective immune response against the SARSCoV- 2 infection. To detect and quantify the protective immune response generated in mice, we performed two different serological assays and identified antibodies endpoint titers. Mice were infected with Delta and Beta at time points Day 3 and Day 4. We performed a SARS-CoV-2 Spike pseudo virus neutralization assay and measured luminescence to determine the percentage neutralization of functional antibodies induced in mice serum samples upon infection. Utilizing indirect ELISAs,' we measured absorbance for IgA antibodies in Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) serum and total IgG antibodies in cardiac bleeds. Our results showed we did not obtain neutralizing activity of antibodies in mice serum samples taken at early time points, 24 hrs and 4 days, after infection with the Delta variant of SARS CoV2 virus using both the pseudo viruses Omicron andWA spike.We obtained 100% neutralizing activity in mice serum samples taken at day 21 and infected with Beta variant of SARS CoV2 virus using both the pseudo viruses Omicron and WA spike demonstrating that there is cross-neutralization against various variants of concern. Antibodies (IgA, IgM, IgG) generated in mice 3 weeks post infection with SARS CoV2 (Beta) virus are capable of neutralizing and inhibiting the entry of WA spike and Omicron pseudo viruses in human HEK293 T Ace2 cells. Moving forward utilizing samples with timepoints surpassing 3 weeks could possibly yield higher concentrations of IgA and IgM antibodies that can neutralize the SARS-CoV-2 pseudo virus. Thank you to Dr. Rhea Coler, the entire Coler lab, National Institutes of Health (NIH), and Seattle Children's Research Institute.Copyright © 2023 The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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Attention toward how technology may be used to perpetuate racism is warranted given the global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. We examined cyberspaces associated with the counseling profession to estimate the prevalence and impact of cyber racism using a cross-sectional design. Results indicated that exposure to cyber racism may impact emotions and perceived inclusion in groups. Dado el impacto global de la pandemia por COVID-19, es pertinente prestar atención a cómo la tecnología puede ser usada para perpetuar el racismo. Examinamos ciberespacios asociados con la profesión de la consejería para estimar la prevalencia e impacto del racismo en internet usando un diseño transversal. Los resultados indicaron que la exposición al racismo en internet puede tener un impacto sobre las emociones y la percepción de inclusión en grupos. © 2023 by the American Counseling Association.
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This paper considers SEPIR, an extension of the well-known SEIR continuous simulation compartment model. Both models can be fitted to real data as they include parameters that can be estimated from the data. SEPIR deploys an additional presymptomatic infectious compartment, not modelled in SEIR but known to exist in COVID-19. This stage can also be fitted to data. We focus on how to fit SEPIR to a first wave of COVID. Both SEIR and SEPIR and the existing SEIR models assume a homogeneous mixing population with parameters fixed. Moreover, neither includes dynamically varying control strategies deployed against the virus. If either model is to represent more than just a single wave of the epidemic, then the parameters of the model would have to be time dependent. In view of this, we also show how reproduction numbers can be calculated to investigate the long-term overall outcome of an epidemic. © 2023 The Operational Research Society.
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The Covid‐19 pandemic has repeatedly been framed by politicians and the media alike as this generation's "Great War.” Metaphors are often used in political reportage as effective discursive tools to influence and persuade readers. War metaphors especially are frequently used in election campaigns, leadership spills, and during times of political unrest to portray politics as a brutal and competitive (masculine) arena. As such, the use of militaristic language and war metaphors to describe the shared challenges during a global pandemic is unsurprising. Framing the pandemic as a war can rally citizens by appealing to their sense of national and civic duty at a moment of crisis. Yet such framing is problematic as it draws on stereotyping cultural myths and values associated with war, reinforcing patriarchal understandings of bravery and service that glorify hegemonic masculinity while excluding women from the public sphere. Using a feminist critical discourse ana-lysis, this article will examine Australian print media coverage of the first six months of the Covid‐19 pandemic, focusing on two case studies—the prime minister and "frontline” workers—to further understand the gender bias of mainstream media. We argue that, by drawing on war metaphors in Covid‐19 coverage which emphasizes protective masculinity, the media reproduce and re‐enforce political and societal gender stereotypes and imbalances. © 2023 by the author(s);licensee Cogitatio (Lisbon, Portugal).
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Background: Hospitals and other healthcare facilities play a crucial role in national and local responses to emergencies, such as communicable disease outbreaks. In our region, hospital management has established mechanisms for developing and implementing a hospital emergency safety management program, which is designed to ensure the effective management of the risks of internal and external emergencies, including pandemics. Aim: To assess and explore the preparedness of the emergency departments in Saudi Arabia at tertiary hospitals toward a future pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted at tertiary hospitals. One hundred forty healthcare providers who are working in the emergency department were surveyed, and the response rate was 75% (105). Results: Participants were predominately female (60 (57.1%)), with a bachelor's degree (72 (68.6%)) and had more than 10 years of experience in their profession (46 (43.8%)). The study revealed that, namely, the junior emergency department staff were poorly trained on average all areas of pandemic preparedness. Healthcare providers reported that the highest implemented measures related to safety/ infection control, emergency department management, and response were, respectively: support N95 respirator fit testing (2.77 (SD = 0.44)), infection prevention techniques (2.85 (SD = 0.39)) and provide criteria for patient assessment (2.72 (SD = 0.51)). On the other hand, the lowest implemented measures were for a unit pandemic safety plan, palliative care, and determined alternate transport resources with a mean of 2.04 (SD = 0.75), 2.22 (SD = 0.83), and 2.19 (SD = 0.80) respectively. Conclusion: The findings of this study support the need for formalized pandemic preparedness training, developing a pandemic safety plan to protect the community and healthcare professionals, improving palliative care during and after the pandemic, and defining strategies to allocate healthcare resources. © 2023 Al Haliq et al.
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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated health inequities among systematically marginalized populations. At the onset of the pandemic, routine cancer screenings were effectively halted;from March to May 2021, there was a deficit of 9.3 million screens. Early evidence suggests that non-White patients, compared to White, have experienced even greater declines in breast and cervical cancer screenings. Consequences of missed or late screenings include later stage diagnosis and poor outcomes. Community navigation programs have been used to promote engagement in cancer screenings in under-resourced communities, but these too were interrupted as restrictions were put in place to mitigate the spread of COVID-19. Objective(s): To use a mixed methods approach to describe the challenges, strengths, and lessons learned of implementing a community navigation program for breast and cervical cancer screening during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method(s): In 2019, The University of Illinois Cancer Screening, Access, Awareness, and Navigation (UI CAAN) intervention was established to address breast and cervical cancer disparities on Chicago's West side, an area with large Black and Latinx populations. The intervention included community navigators who worked in partnership with community-based safety net hospitals and organizations. Participants were recruited at community events and through clinical referrals and were eligible if they were overdue for a guideline concordant breast or cervical cancer screening. Quantitative navigation and screening data were collected by the navigators in a REDCap database. Qualitative data, four focus groups with participants and partners, were also collected to broaden our understanding of impact of COVID-19 on the community navigation intervention. For these analyses, we describe participants' navigation and screening outcomes and use content analysis methods for the focus groups. We then triangulate the findings to understand the challenges, strengths, and lessons learned of the UI CAAN. Result(s): From 2019-2022, a total of 366 individuals were navigated for breast and cervical cancer screenings. Of these, 68% (n = 248) received a breast and/or cervical cancer screening. Among those who were screened, 75% were Latinx and 23% were Black, 92% were uninsured, and 86% did not have a primary care provider. Concerning services received, 30% had a mammogram and a pap smear, 37% a pap smear only, and 33% a mammogram only. At the height of the pandemic, navigators coordinated with community and clinical partners to deliver 500 meals, held 9 PPE distribution events, distributed 3000 masks, and conducted 2 webinars about COVID-19. Conclusion(s): Despite the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic, the UI CAAN community navigation program was able to shift its efforts at the height of the pandemic to assist its community and clinical partners. The continued collaboration allowed for a successful resumption of navigation and screening efforts once healthcare systems were able to re-engage patients in cancer screenings.
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Madagascar is well known as a source of aquamarine and other pegmatite-related gem materials (e.g. Pezzotta 2001), but in recent years most gem exploration and mining activities there have been curtailed by circumstances related to the COVID-19 pandemic and government regulations. Nevertheless, according to Dr Federico Pezzotta (pers. comm. 2022), in early 2021 there was a new find of aquamarine (Figures 1 and 2) that entered the market in the capital city of Antananarivo. The material was represented as coming from an area called Manakana, which is the name historically used for the region encompassing the pegmatitic districts on the west side of Lake Alaotra in central Madagascar. In this case, the specific aquamarine locality is Andilana, which is situated near the north-western shore of Lake Alaotra. Hundreds of kilograms of good-quality aquamarine were mined from near-surface deposits by thousands of miners from all over Madagascar who rushed there despite COVID-19 restrictions. In early May, the Malagasy government sent the military to gain control over the situation, and subsequently the export of aquamarine from Madagascar was made illegal. © 2022, Journal of Gemmology. All Rights Reserved.
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S44 Table 1Summary of significant medical events, thoracic computed tomography (CT) and pulmonary function tests (PFTs) in ORBCEL-C and placebo groups at 1 year follow upORBCEL-C Placebo Number of patients followed up 20 21 Significant medical events Number of patients with SMEs 6/20 9/21 Total SME events 7 11 Classification Respiratory,thoracic and mediastinal disorders 4 6 Neoplasm - benign, malignant, unspecified 1 0 Infections and infestations 1 1 Cardiac disorders 1 0 Metabolism and nutrition disorders 0 1 Injury, poisoning and procedural complications 0 1 Renal and urinary disorders 0 1 Gastrointestinal disorders 0 1 Thoracic CT Number of CTs available 5 8 Time to CT (Median, IQR) 181 (157–198) 203 (95–233) Evidence of ILD on CT 4 6 PFTs Number of PFTs available 10 8 Time to PFTs (Median, IQR) 184.5 (117.5–292.75) 203.5 (118.25–242.5) FEV1 (Mean, SD) 84.9 (13.6) 80.5 (13.3) FEV1 <80% predicted (n,%) 4/10 (44%) 4/8 (50%) FVC (Mean, SD) 78.4 (13.2) 79.3 (16.5) FVC <80% predicted (n,%) 5/10 (55%) 5/8 (62.5%) FEV1/FVC ratio (Mean, SD, n) 0.88 (0.12) N=8 0.76 (0.05) N=5 FEV1/FVC <0.7 (n,%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%) TLCO (Mean, SD, n) 78.9 (14.8) N=9 61.9 (13.4) N=7 TLCO <80% (n,%) 6/9 (66.7%) 7/7 (100%) ConclusionsOne year follow up supports the safety of ORBCEL-C MSCs in patients with moderate to severe ARDS due to COVID-19. A similar incidence of pulmonary dysfunction is reported in both groups at long term follow up.Please refer to page A?? for declarations of interest related to this .
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Background: Although bullying and harassment among academic staff has been well researched, research on students bullying and harassing academic teaching staff (ie, contrapower harassment) is less common. Contrapower harassment has been on the rise in academia over the last decade, partly attributable to changes in the student– faculty staff relationship. This study aimed to understand better the extent and impact of students’ contrapower harassment on paramedic academic teaching staff within Australian universities, as well as actions and interventions to address it. Methods: This study used a two-phase mixed methods design. In phase 1, a convenience sample of paramedic teaching academics from 12 universities in Australia participated in an online questionnaire. In phase 2, an in-depth interview was conducted with nine participants from phase 1. Results: Seventy-six academic teaching staff participated in the study. Survey results showed that most academics surveyed had experienced harassment from paramedic students, with the highest incidence of harassment occurring during student assessment periods. Alarmingly, over 30% of the academics surveyed had been ‘stalked’ by a student and over 50% had felt powerless and helpless when students had attacked them on social media. Problematic students were identified as those who presented with an over-inflated sense of entitlement or with psychological states and traits that find it challenging to accept feedback and failure, and look to externalise their failures. Reasons for increases in contrapower harassment included a complex mix of consumer and demand-driven education, ondemand (and demanding) instant gratification and degree self-entitlement, and an increase in social media and online learning (particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020). Conclusion: Although most of the academics in this study experienced contrapower harassment by students, they also report that most students are level-headed and supportive, and do not carry out this type of harassment. Promoting student professionalism and reassessing student evaluations are starting points for addressing this type of harassment. Further research on the broader systemic issues that influence the contributors to contrapower harassment is needed.
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Background: Fractures are a common cause of pediatric injury. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic resulted in significant changes in daily life including social distancing, partial cessation of youth sports, and school closings, all of which could have a major impact on the incidence of pediatric fractures. Prior work has demonstrated a significant reduction in fracture burden during the early pandemic;however, few have examined pediatric fractures in the period after lifted restrictions or on a national level. The purpose of this study was to compare pediatric fracture rates in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic to previous seasonally-adjusted injury rates using the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database. Methods: The NEISS database was queried from 2016 to 2020 for fractures occurring in pediatric (0-17yo) patients. Studied demographic variables included age, sex, body region injured, disposition, and location of injury. Using a quasi-experimental, interrupted time series design, we constructed linear regression models for number of fractures per month that included a linear time trend, month of injury, a binary variable representing whether the fracture occurred after February 2020, and number of months post-March 2020 to allow the effect of restrictions to change over time. The differential impact of COVID-19 on fracture rate by each demographic variable was then tested using interaction terms. Results: Our sample consisted of 121,803 cases representing 2,959,421±372,337 fractures nationally. Monthly incidences (Figure 1) identified a 32% decrease in fractures per month after February of 2020 (Overall B=-11,400 fractures 95% Credible Interval[-17,600, -5,200]), and the decay of this effect did not reach significance. We found significant effect modification by age, body region, location, and disposition (p<0.05, Table 1). Children (6-11yo) experienced 44% fewer fractures (-5,070 [-7,590, -2,570]) while adolescent injuries declined 34% (-5,300 [-7,760, -3,020]). A 93% reduction in fractures at school (-5,050 [-6,870, -3,250]) and a 69% decrease in those during sports (-7,570 [-9,380, -5,750]) was identified. Fractures that did not require hospitalization decreased by 35% (-11,200 [-16,890, -5,630]). Conclusion: A nationally representative injury database demonstrated a 32% decline in monthly pediatric fractures during the COVID-19 pandemic that persisted into the latter half of 2020. These trends were identified to be most attributable to a reduction in less severe, extremity fractures among older children sustained at school and in sports. In contrast, more severe injuries or those in younger children remained relatively unaffected. Our findings provide unique insight into the epidemiology of pediatric fractures and demonstrate a baseline need for musculoskeletal care among young children and orthopaedic injuries necessitating hospitalization, even in the setting of a national shutdown. (Table Presented).
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SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: The H&P 360 is a modified medical history prompting students to routinely and systematically gather information from 7 domains - Biomedical Conditions, Patients' Goals and Values, Mental Health, Behavioral Health, Social Support, Living Environment and Resources, and Function. Initial studies in inpatient and standardized patient settings showed the H&P 360 enhances data gathering, patient rapport, and team care planning. Our goal was to examine the feasibility and usefulness of the H&P 360 in routine teaching contexts at three institutions. Setting and Participants: M3 and M4 medical students at the University of Chicago (UC;n=24), the University of Michigan (UM;n=38), and Florida International University (FIU;n=118) in 2020-21. Clinical settings included subinternships (UC), longitudinal clinics (UM), and community-based home visits (FIU). DESCRIPTION: All sites introduced students to the H&P 360 via a nonstandardized 1-2 hour introductory seminar. 3-6 months after implementation a previously developed student survey with 13 Likert-type and 3 text-response items querying implementation of the H&P 360 was administered. A parallel survey was developed for teaching faculty. EVALUATION: A total of 180 students participated. Response rates at UC, UM, and FIU were 46%, 34%, and 16%, respectively. Percent of students (UC, UM, FIU;Overall), responding 'Agree' or 'Strongly agree': 1. The H&P 360: - Was easy to use (67, 85, 89;81) - Helped me better understand patient goals (89, 100, 77;88) - Added valuable information that I woul otherwise not know (78, 85, 63;79) - Facilitated care planning that included other health professionals(56, 85, 71, 70) 2. Presentations using the H&P 360 were well received by my clinical team. (33, 46, 82;60) 3. Elements of the H&P 360 are potentially useful in all patient interactions. (67, 100, 95;88) Overall faculty response rates were low;most described unfamiliarity with the H&P 360 with limited incorporation into teaching. DISCUSSION / REFLECTION / LESSONS LEARNED: Discussion: Students in clinical teaching settings found the H&P 360 feasible, easy to use, and helpful for understanding patient priorities. Most reported it facilitated interprofessional planning. Potentially significant variation occurred across sites. Faculty incorporation into clinical teaching was limited. Overall survey response rates were low, partially due to COVID. Conclusions: The H&P 360 promotes information gathering critical for chronic disease management: clinical diagnosis, social determinants of health, and patient priorities. Such information should prove useful for fostering health equity. Future work should measure effects on patient care and outcomes. Our team is developing methods to better engage faculty with integrating the H&P 360 into clinical skills teaching throughout medical school and has a toolkit to facilitate implementation and additional studies.
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STATEMENT OF PROBLEM/QUESTION: Although widespread vaccination in prisons is crucial for preventing COVID-19 morbidity and mortality in both prisons and their surrounding communities, there is little data on how to effectively perform vaccine outreach to people experiencing incarceration who remain unvaccinated. DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM/INTERVENTION: In 2021, California state prisons started hosting institution- wide COVID-19 vaccine education events with a focus on those who remain unvaccinated;based on their success, these events are being replicated across the state. Elements that contributed to their success are summarized so that they may be employed in other facilities. 1) Make vaccine education enjoyable, for example with games, an art contest, or free food in addition to question and answer sessions. 2) Optimize attendance by co-locating with another popular event. 3) Administer vaccines at the event and offer more than one option if possible. 4) Diversify sources of information and bring in outside public health experts, trusted advocates, or formerly incarcerated people to ensure residents have access to multiple sources of information. 5) Consider engaging formal and informal leaders in prisons beforehand as their support may encourage peer vaccination. 6) Distribute high quality information that is easy to read, for example AMEND's COVID-19 FAQs that are based on questions from incarcerated people and their loved ones. 7) Continue to offer the vaccine after the event and ensure those who remain unvaccinated know how to access vaccines if they become interested. MEASURES OF SUCCESS: Program success was measured by the percentage of the population who attended the event and the percentage of unvaccinated residents who were vaccinated at the event. Future events should assess what information unvaccinated participants believe would be most beneficial in their decision-making process and whether the event delivered that content. FINDINGS TO DATE: At the first event at a high security prison with over 2800 residents, 11% of unvaccinated residents (113 individuals) received their first COVID-19 vaccine. At the second prison with over 2600 residents, 19% of unvaccinated residents received their first vaccine (165 individuals). KEY LESSONS FOR DISSEMINATION: As vaccination against COVID19 continues to be a critical method for optimizing the health and safety of people living in congregate living environments, interventions that increase trust and acceptance of vaccines in correctional settings are of paramount importance. These successful vaccination events in California state prison hold important lessons for other correctional institutions and congregate living facilities seeking to disseminate vaccine information and encourage COVID19 vaccine uptake.
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Introduction Given the devastating effects COVID-19 has had, many may think it is obvious that more should have been spent on pandemic preparedness and mitigation measures. But this would have required investment to be taken away from existing health problems to be put towards a problem that may arise in the future at an uncertain time. When the resources available for health are finite, priorities need to be determined. How does pandemic preparedness fit into current approaches to determining health priorities? Methods Conceptual analysis of how pandemic preparedness work compares against other global health priorities, using a framework of three common factors in discussion of the ethics of health-priority setting: scale, cost-effectiveness and justice. Outcome The present-orientation of standard conceptions of burden of disease estimates omits the potential burden from new pandemics, and the uncertainty of pandemics makes it difficult to include them in projections of global disease burden. The use of high discount rates and relatively short time horizons may lead cost-effectiveness estimates to under-value pandemic preparedness work. Whether pandemic preparedness is considered a priority from the perspective of equity depends on how well-off we expect future generations to be relative to the present, and the scale of future pandemic events. Finally, many of the actions to reduce pandemic risks happen outside of the healthcare system. This suggests a need for increased focus on approaches to priority-setting outside of healthcare, including in health research and government and institutional attention. Conclusion The uncertainty and future-orientation of pandemic preparedness activities mean that this area of work doesn't easily fit into traditional approaches to determining global health priorities. Approaches to determining global health priorities need to adapt to enable comparison of stochastic, future-oriented issues to problems of existing health burden.
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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a tremendous impact on youth sports participation for children and adolescents in the United States. Prior work demonstrated that pandemic-related closures led to a significant reduction in pediatric sports-related injury in the first half of 2020. However, these trends have yet to be evaluated on a national level and during the latter half of the year when organized youth sports began to re-emerge. Purpose: To estimate monthly and annual trends in youth sports-related injury over the last 5 years using a national injury database in order to measure the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on overall and sport-specific rates of injury. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database identifying children and adolescents (0-18yo) presenting to US emergency departments with sport participation product codes (Table 1). Cases associated with >1 product code were excluded. The monthly and annual frequency of sports-related injuries was estimated. Quasi-experimental interrupted time series analysis was performed using the period of March-December 2020 as a binary variable. Differences in total and sport-specific injury estimates were calculated with pre-and post-trend analysis of the interrupted time series. Results: Our study criteria identified 152,560 youth sports-related injury cases corresponding to a national estimate of 4,582,892 injuries from 2016-2020 (95% CI=4,420,534-4,745,250). The mean yearly estimate from 2016-2019 was 1,041,944 injuries [890,047-1,193,841]. An estimated 415,115 injuries [357,779-480,594] occurred in 2020. Seasonal peaks in September and May were identified. There was a statistically significant decrease in national youth sportsrelated injuries that coincided with the nationwide COVID-19 shutdown in March 2020 (56,945 [33,143-80,747] fewer monthly injuries (P < 0.0001)). From March-December 2020, an estimated 457,221 [388,450-525,992] fewer sportsrelated injuries occurred than would have been expected based on prior trends. Sport-specific analyses (Table 1) demonstrated the greatest reduction of estimated injuries from March-December 2020 occurred in basketball (137,772 fewer injuries [130,192-145,246]), football (123,345 fewer injuries [86,883-159,807]), and soccer (70,383 fewer injuries [65,849-74,919]). Estimates of injuries associated with wrestling, ice hockey, and cheerleading had the greatest proportional reduction during the March-December time period (99%, 93%, and 79% respectively.) Conclusion: There was a significant reduction in youth sports-related injuries in 2020 coinciding with the nationwide COVID-19 shutdowns in March 2020 and persisting throughout the remainder of the year. Reduced injury burden was most notable for contact sports including basketball, football, and soccer.